Table of Contents

1 Executive Summary

2 Abbreviations

3 Introduction

4 References

5 Form Factor of 5G Device

6 General Description

6.1 System Description

6.1.1 Key System Requirements

6.1.2 Performance requirements

6.2 Physical Layer Requirements

6.2.1 Multiple numerologies

6.2.2 Flexible frame structure

6.2.3 Bandwidth part configuration and adaptation

6.2.4 Initial access

6.2.5 Mobility

6.2.6 Waveform

6.2.7 Modulation

6.2.8 Multiple antenna techniques

6.2.9 Scheduling and HARQ timing

6.2.10 Channel coding

6.3 Upper Layer Requirements

6.3.1 Control Plane

6.3.2 User Plane

6.4 Summary

7 Multi-Mode Multi-Band

8 Network Access Capability

8.1 Connectivity Options in 3GPP

8.1.1 Standalone NR

8.1.2 Non-Standalone NR

8.2 Uplink Strategies for NR deployment

8.2.1 Uplink strategies for Standalone Operation

8.2.2 Uplink strategies for Non-Standalone Operation

8.3  UE Modem Challenges and Solutions for Supporting Standalone and Non-Standalone NR 38

8.3.1 UE modem architecture for NR + LTE dual connectivity 38

8.3.2 UE modem challenges and solutions for SA 40

9 Inter-RAT Interworking

9.1  NR mobility state transition

9.2 Inter-System Procedure

9.2.1 Interworking Procedures with N26 interface

9.2.2 Interworking Procedures without N26 interface

10 Voice Solution

10.1 Potential solutions

10.2  Summary

11 RF Performance

11.1 High Power UE

11.1.1 Motivation

11.1.2 3GPP Status

11.1.3 TX Front-end Status and Architecture for HPUE

11.1.4 Consideration on Thermal for HPUE

11.1.5 Consideration on SAR for HPUE

11.2  In-Device Interference

11.3 SUL

11.4 LTE and 5G NR RF path co-banding

11.4.1 Concept and Architecture of RF Path Co-banding

11.4.2 System-level Challenges

11.4.3 Way Forward on standalone support

11.4.4 Co-banding with simultaneous operation

12 Demodulation Performance

12.1 High Speed Train Scenarios

12.2 UE Speed and DMRS Density

13 Power Consumption

13.1 Introduction

13.2  Key scenarios and performance metrics

13.2.1 Maximum throughput

13.2.2 The power vs latency trade-off

13.2.3 Achieving power efficient VoNR and ViNR

13.2.4 TDD spectrum and NR UE power consumption

13.2.5 Scheduling implications

13.3 Power scaling from LTE to NR

13.3.1 Example power breakdown for an LTE UE

13.3.2 A simple power model for the NR UE

13.3.3 RF front end power

13.3.4 Transceiver subsystem power

13.3.5 Baseband processing power

13.3.6 Standalone NR UE power consumption

13.4 Managing UE power efficiently

13.4.1 Bandwidth part adaptation

13.4.2 Cross-slot scheduling

13.4.3 Power vs data rate

13.4.4 Overtemperature protection

13.4.5 Periodic PDCCH monitoring

13.5 Implications for NR UEs

13.5.1 Better efficiency, but higher peak power

13.5.2 Standalone vs Non-standalone

13.5.3 Downlink processing may use more power than uplink transmit

13.5.4 Maintaining efficiency at low data rates

14 Test Requirements

14.1 Test areas for 5G sub-6G and challenges

14.1.1 Test challenges

14.1.2 Requirement for test equipment

14.2  Device test cycle and test solutions

14.3 3GPP RAN5 Conformance Test

14.3.1 Target dates

14.3.2 Progress to-date

14.4 Risks

15 Other Aspect